Today, it is common to contrast the statism of today’s Russia with the Western neoliberal order, which is based on the primacy of political and economic freedom. European journalists and experts discuss Putin’s Russia as though it were a revisionist state that is not only ready for military aggression but is also driven by internal destructive forces: a “populist international” of right and left parties, attacking an imaginary “establishment.” [1]
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Features
Latest update : 25 October.
This section contains articles on theoretical, analytical and historical themes usually longer than articles published in the news magazine section.
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Articles in this section
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Russia
Contradictions in Russian Cultural Politics: Conservatism as an Instrument of Neoliberalism
2 November 2017, by Ilya Budraitskis -
Part 11: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
Debt— Lloyd George blames the Soviets
8 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintIn the final plenary conference, Lloyd George, the British Prime Minister, made a revealing reply:
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"There is a real sympathy for Russia’s condition. If Russia is to get help, Russia must not outrage the sentiments — if they like, let them call them the prejudices — of the world. (…) what are these prejudices? -
Part 12: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
Reasserting debt repudiation ends with success
8 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintBefore the Genoa conference, Soviet Russia had managed to sign bilateral treaties with Poland, the Baltic Republics, Turkey and Persia. More importantly, it had managed to sign a trade agreement with the UK. Signed in 1921, this agreement had sanctioned the Soviet laws of nationalization before UK courts and this meant that companies that traded with Russia no longer ran the risk of getting into trouble. [2]
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Part 10 of Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
Genoa (1922): proposals and, counter-proposals on the Tsarist debt
8 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintOn 20 April 1922, Chicherin announced the Soviet response to the Western powers’ proposals of 15 April. It indicated that: “The Russian delegation are still of the opinion that the present economic condition of Russia and the circumstances which are responsible for it should fully justify the complete release of Russia from all her liabilities mentioned in the above proposals by the recognition of her counter-claims”.
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Part 8 of the Series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
In 1922 creditor powers again attempt to subjugate the Soviets
7 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintWestern governments presented a full list of demands aimed at solving in their favour the litigation over debt repudiation and expropriations decreed by the Soviet government. Those demands were presented in Genoa on 15 April 1922, five days into the conference, in a document entitled “London Experts’ Report on the Russian issue.” [3]
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Part 7 of the Series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
Diplomatic manoeuvers around Russian debt repudiation
7 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintFor five weeks in April and May 1922, a summit conference was held. Britain’s prime minister, Lloyd George, played a central role in it, as did Louis Barthou, the minister of the French president Raymond Poincaré.
The main aim of the meeting was to persuade Soviet Russia [4] both to acknowledge the debts it had repudiated in 1918 and to cease calling for a global revolution.
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Part 6 of the Series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
Russian loans never die
7 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintEven though Russian bonds were repudiated by the Soviet government in February 1918, they were still traded right up until the 1990s.
French government policy and that of other governments was directly related to this life after death.
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Part 9 of the Series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
The Soviet counter-attack: the Treaty of Rapallo, 1922
7 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintThe London report presented in the previous chapter was such a deliberate provocation on the part of Western powers that the Soviet delegation immediately got in touch with the German delegation, which Paris and London had somehow prevented from fully attending the Genoa Conference. France and Britain were hoping that they could coax the Soviet Russians into accepting the conditions mentioned above or, at least some of them, to strengthen their position when negotiating with Germany afterwards. The Russian issue clearly was a priority.
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Part 5 of the Series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
The French press in the pay of the Tsar
6 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintWith the overthrow of Tsarism in February 1917 and the seizing of power by the Bolsheviks and their Socialist Revolutionary allies in October, numerous previously confidential documents were made public (see further on). This allowed Boris Souvarine, a Franco-Russian communist activist to consult Russian imperial archives. He discovered a vast organisation of complicity with the French press that pre-dated the First World War, aimed at promoting Tsarist bond issues to French investors. This affair, in which influential people were corrupted and became accomplices, was denounced by the communist daily L’Humanité in a series of daily articles entitled ’The abominable venality of the French press’ that appeared over a period of several months during 1923 and 1924.
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Part 4 of the series: Centenary of the Russian Revolution and the Repudiation of Debt
The Russian Revolution, Peoples’ Right to Self-determination, and Debt Repudiation
6 October 2017, by Éric ToussaintThe Versailles Treaty was eventually signed on 28 June 1919 without Soviet Russia being involved. Even so, this treaty cancelled the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. Under Article 116 of the Versailles Treaty, Russia could claim compensation from Germany;yet, consistent with its demand for peace without any annexation or any claim for compensation, it did not do so. What mattered most to Soviet Russia was that the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk should be cancelled and the territories that Germany had annexed in March 1918 be given back to the peoples to whom they had belonged (the Baltic, Polish, Ukrainian and Russian peoples), in accordance with the principle of peoples’ right to self-determination upheld by the new Soviet government.
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- The Inventor of Big Things: A Tribute to Livio Maitan
- “Fighting sexist and sexual violence means guaranteeing the place of women in the CGT”
- Russia’s New Imperialism
- ’Nobody announces that democracy ends now’
- Marxist strategy in Western Europe
- Class struggle today: Fragmentation and the crisis of political form
- Modern counter-revolution and fascism
- After hyperglobalisation: the capitalist reconfiguration
- An important contribution by Ernest Mandel to the debate on the transition to socialism
- Many Shades of Campism: An Internationalist Critique
- Feminist strike for the socialisation of reproductive labour!
- The imperialism of our time
- Lenin and the Politics of Broken Time
- Global profits: an upward turn?
- Anatomy of a feminist debate: the ambivalences of the notion of femicide
- The impact of colonization and international cooperation on the feminist movement in Palestine
- What is emancipatory about 21st century feminism?
- Searching for international solidarity
- “In Algeria, what is fundamental is the state”
- Against defeatism disguised as radicalism
- Daniel Bensaïd and permanent revolution, old and new questions
- Popular Feminism: The Radical Force Capable of Defeating the Far Right in Brazil
- Transgender socialism
- Non-natalism
- Weaponising Gender: How gender became the perfect scapegoat for far-right and authoritarian actors
- Socialism or Barbarism - On the Eve of the 21st Century
- Ruptures: The New Manifesto of the Fourth International
- Anarchists in wartime. The experience of Solidarity Collectives in Ukraine
- Iran’s regime in a predicament of its own making
- Manifesto for an Ecosocialist Revolution: Possible consequences in the Philippines
- Introduction to the Manifesto for an Ecosocialist Revolution: Work Less, Live Better
- After the 1973 Coup in Chile
- The coup in Chile
- The Chile Coup and after
- The rising class consciousness of the proletariat and the problem of power
- Debate on the counter revolution in Chile (1973)
- Against Campism, for International Working-Class Solidarity
- Free Syria scares Israel, that’s why it sows hatred and occupies
- HTS must reject Assad-era neoliberalism
- Surrealism as a revolutionary movement
- An inflexible intervention for the liberation struggle of the Tamil people!
- Marching to a Different Drummer
- Andreas Malm: "Targeting SUVs or private jets can help struggles »
- Commons: A Ukrainian left-wing collective intellectual
- In Honour of Marijke
- Thank you Marijke! Having met you inspires us to continue..
- Western diplomats offer rotten climate carrot, and wield broken sanctions stick
- International food crisis and proposals to overcome it
- Internationalism, Anti-Imperialism, And the Origins of Campism
- Theoretical and practical conclusions of Marxist feminism
- Tribute to Daniel Bensaïd - a “distant comrade”
- Friedrich Engels and Primitive Communism
- Nancy Fraser: “Cannibal Capitalism” Is on Our Horizon
- Ecological Imperialism and Jair Bolsonaro’s Agenda in Brazil
- Ernest Mandel’s ‘Introduction to Marxist Theory’
- Struggling against Islamophobia without lapsing into Orientalism
- Reda Ibrahim Farag - Egyptian revolutionary Marxist
- Bill Onasch: The life of a Marxist in the American workers movement
- The relevance of the theory of permanent revolution and its topicality
- Rayner O’Connor Lysaght Presente!
- Feminism: women fighting for their rights have always met resistance from male power …
- Marxism and the oppression of trans people
- Trans Liberation and Socialist Feminism
- “What does Rossana say?”
- The History of Women’s Movements in Asia and the Middle East
- Gisèle Halimi: A courageous anti-colonialist and feminist lawyer
- Luis Sepulveda, revolutionary activist and Chilean writer, has died from Covid-19
- Women, race and class in social movements: An extract
- Farewell Comrade Lal Khan
- Thinking and acting from Marxism today - Feminist proposals for a theoretical and strategic rearmament
- Tribute to David Sanders (5 August 1945 – 30 August 2019), Revolutionary humanist and socialist
- Maria José Belo Meca Maranhão
- Change Everything: Foundations and Challenges of the Feminist Strike in Spain
- Nicaragua: The other revolution betrayed
- The Political Economy of Hungary’s New “Slave Law”
- Helena Lopes da Silva (1949-2018)
- Adam Smith and the Yellow Vest Movement.
- A last farewell to Mick Woods
- Fifty years after the revolutions of ‘68
- The spirit of 1968 is inextinguishable – even 50 years later
- Poland, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia: 1968 as the antipodes of 1989
- The Russian Revolution, Black Bolshevichki and Social Reproduction
- The strategic role of the soviets in the class struggle
- On the contribution of the outstanding Hungarian Marxist philosopher István Mészáros (1930-2017) to critical thinking
- After Alienation
- Identity Politics Can Only Get Us So Far
- Queer sexuality, labour and nation
- From the concept of the people to the materialization of a leader?
- Being Brave Because It Is Right
- Voting on Dictatorship
- Lenin and Trotsky confronting the bureaucracy
- World economy: The return of crisis
- Xi Jinping’s China – An extremely complex transition whose outcome remains unpredictable
- Part 3: Argentina - Further Action against Illegitimate Debt
- “The Hammer Blow of the Revolution”
- Remembering the riots of spring 1976 in China
- Newly Independent Greece had an Odious Debt round her Neck
- Origins, dynamics and developments of the revolutionary process
- “Daniel Bensaïd fought to the end against a system that knows no bounds in brutality”
- New capitalist domination and imperialism in Africa
- Capitalism and Gender Oppression
- The Intersectional Conundrum and the Nation-State
- Closing the Conceptual Gap
- The biodiversity crisis and the environmentalist left
- Environment: The foundations of revolutionary eco-socialism
- The state of reproductive rights in 2015
- The social movement for independence and the crisis of the British state
- The European Central Bank’s true priorities
- The big private banks run on LTRO
- South Korea : the miracle unmasked
- “Leaps Leaps Leaps”: Lenin and politics
- LGBT Activism in Mainland China
- The Notion of the Revolutionary Crisis in Lenin
- Remarks on Gender
- The World Bank and the IMF in Indonesia: an emblematic interference
- The World Bank and the Philippines
- Early Soviet Commitment to Environment Protection and its Decline
- United States : the Fed Bails Out Wall Street
- World Bank and IMF support to dictatorships
- Domination of the United States on the World Bank
- Private banks shamefully enjoy a monopoly of lending to the public sector
- Governments make Gifts Galore to Private Banks
- Central Banks lend massively to the banking sector
- The Impunity Enjoyed by the Banks must Stop
- Complicity of Dexia in very serious Human Rights violations in the Israeli occupied territories
- The Big Banks Organise Massive Tax Evasion on an International Scale
- Big banks’ tampering with interest rates
- Drug and Bank Lords
- Banks and the New “Too Big to Jail” Doctrine
- The cancellation of German debt in 1953 versus the attitude to the Third World and Greece
- Why the Marshall Plan ?
- SUNFED versus World Bank
- Early conflicts between the UN and the World Bank/IMF tandem
- The World Bank assists the powerful witch-hunters
- Concerning the founding of the Bretton Woods’ Institutions
- Women and the Early Years of Japanese Communism
- Freedom Summer, 1964: An Overview
- The personal and the political
- James Hansen’s ’exit strategy’ from global warming
- A Fossil Fuel Exit Program
- The roots and grassroots of the Syrian revolution
- Precarity as contraceptive: conversations on the situation of abortion in Spain
- 100th Anniversary of The Woman’s Dreadnought
- Clara Zetkin in the lion’s den – Workers’ unity and feminism at the 1921 Comintern congress
- The Liberation of Women
- "We Shall Overcome": Honoring Pete Seeger
- Luxemburg and Trotsky on Russian Revolution
- An Interview with Alan Sears
- Socialist Feminism – Hidden from Herstory
- The Fourth International and women’s liberation
- The feminist challenge to traditional political organisations
- The forgotten history of the “class struggle feminist” current
- The implications of gender equality at work on female workers from 1968 to the 1980s in France
- The transitional program and the tools to overthrow capitalism
- General Vo Nguyen Giap (1911-2013): Military hero, revolutionary intellectual, environmentalist
- Norman Geras: “An adult life divided into two distinct chapters”
- Idalberto Ferrera Acosta (1918-2013), Cuban Trotskyist
- In women’s liberation the first step is self-consciousness
- For an anticapitalist feminism in the here and now
- Dangerous Liaisons: The marriages and divorces of Marxism and Feminism
- Feminism to the tune of the cumbia, corrida, tango, cueca, samba . . .
- Women and work in Western Europe
- Jean-Michel Krivine (1932-2013): a militant surgeon and an internationalist
- A Marxist Critique of Post-Marxism
- Why socialists need feminism
- The Current Mobilizations over Rape
- A Plea for an Ecological Reconstruction of Marxism
- Struggle for Self-Determination of the Bangsamoro Revolutionary Fronts: A Historical Perspective and Current Realities
- For another difference
- On the question of sexual difference
- Postmodernism and Feminism
- The significance of Occupy
- Francis Fukuyama and the ‘absent left’
- A personal tribute to Dave Packer
- Dave Packer: a tribute
- Gerry Foley: A Life Dedicated to Socialist Revolution
- The Left against Debt-tatorship
- In the eye of the storm: the debt crisis in the European Union
- Che Guevara in Search of a New Socialism
- The crisis of French Marxism
- Strategy and Party
- The spark ignites in the action - the philosophy of praxis in the thought of Rosa Luxemburg
- Marxisms, theory, yesterday and today
- Marxism and Feminism
- The powers of communism
- Seventy years since the formation of the Fourth International
- Has working-class consciousness collapsed?
- Elements of revolutionary strategy
- The Challenge of Revolutionary Democracy in the Life and Thought of Rosa Luxemburg
- Uneven and Combined Development and the Sweep of History: Focus on Europe
- Dialectics and Revolution
- The Marxism of Trotsky’s "Results and Prospects"
- The Mole and the Locomotive
- Marx, Weber and the Critique of Capitalism
- 1993: The nature of social-democratic reformism
- Lessons from a Critical Intellectual
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Footnotes
[1] This idea is, for example, one of the main theses of the expert paper: ‘Post-Truth, Post-West, Post-Order?’, presented at the Munich security conference at the beginning of 2017. https://www.securityconference.de/e...
[2] Article 9 of the Anglo-Soviet trade agreement stipulated: “The British Government declares that it will not initiate any steps with a view to attach or to take possession of any gold, funds, securities or commodities not being articles identifiable as the property of the British Government which may be exported from Russia in payment for imports or as securities for such payment, or of any movable or immovable property which may be acquired by the Russian Soviet Government within the United Kingdom.” https://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/Anglo-Soviet_Trade_Agreement.
On this topic see also E. H. Carr, The Bolshevik Revolution, Vol. 3, pp. 286-9.
[3] See full text at https://moodle2.units.it/pluginfile.php/78252/mod_resource/content/1/1922_Genoa_Conference_papers.pdf
[4] When the Conference of Genoa took place, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics did not yet exist. It was founded in December 1922 and officially dissolved in December 1991. At the Conference of Genoa, the Soviet delegation officially represented the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, which we have abbreviated in the present text to “Soviet Russia”.
Spanish state
Anticapitalistas on the calling of the elections: let’s continue the struggle on the streets
October 2026
Pedro Sánchez has announced that he is bringing forward the date of the elections, which will now take place on 29 November. This call for elections comes against a backdrop of major protests over the housing crisis, which have sparked a significant resurgence of mobilisation amongst the left and the working class in the face of a structural problem that is becoming increasingly urgent.
- read article...Italy
Sinistra Anticapitalista Summer University: Solidarity, Partners, Ecosocialists
October 2026
“AI, Anti-Capitalist Intelligence”, the third edition of Italy’s Ecosocialist Summer University – organized by Sinistra Anticapitalista and the Livio Maitan Library – ended on Sunday 6 September 2026 with a well-attended debate on the alternative to capitalist barbarism, moderated by Armando Morgia, in which Antonella Bundu (Toscana Rossa), Dario Salvetti (formerly of GKN), Eliana Como (CGIL oppositionist), Luca Scacchi (AMR Controvento), Giulio Calella (Edizioni Alegre) and Francesco Locantore (Gauche anticapitaliste) participated, among others.
- read article...Slovenia
Slovenian trade unions propose referendum to overturn the new government’s anti-social policies
September 2026
The parliamentary elections held in early 2026 in Slovenia resulted in a narrow majority for the right, thereby enabling the formation of a radical conservative government. This government wasted no time in taking steps to undermine the welfare state.
- read article...India/Pakistan
Statement on the Pakistani State’s Attack on Free Media “Jeddojehad”
September 2026
The Pakistani military establishment had launched an attack on the online Jeddojehad. Its editor, Farooq Suhleria’s, home was raided. He could not be arrested as he was not in the country. But it means he cannot return to his job. Another member of the Editorial Board was also raided. The website has been shut down.
- read article...Nicaragua
Open Letter from Sergio Ramirez to President Lula da Silva
August 2026
“Ortega has abolished elections. Do not deny Nicaragua the right to choose freely—the same right that could make you president of Brazil for a fourth time.”
- read article...
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