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| Portugal
Forty years later: the grandeur and the limits of the Portuguese RevolutionOn April 25, Portugal will celebrate the fortieth anniversary of the “Carnation Revolution”. The last example of a popular and radical uprising in western Europe, it brought down the oldest dictatorship on the continent and deepened to the point of threatening the power of the bourgeoisie. At a time when the capitalist offensive is accelerating throughout Europe, particularly in the countries of southern Europe, this is a very cumbersome spectre for the Portuguese ruling class and the Troika (European Commission, ECB and IMF), which fears nothing so much as the eruption of the popular classes onto the political and social stage. -> read article... |
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| Fourth International
Geopolitical chaos and its implications: introductory notes for collective thinkingThis contribution by Pierre Rousset was prepared for a meeting of the Fourth International Bureau in October 2014. -> read article... |
| France
For a vote of censure in the streetsIn a European context of recession and even deflation, war in the East of the continent and the rise of the forces of the right and extreme right, France has a singularity: the country combines the rise of an extreme right of fascistic origin and acute political crisis at governmental and institutional levels. -> read article... |