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	<title>International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine</title>
	<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/</link>
	<description>International Viewpoint, the monthly English-language magazine of the Fourth International, is a window to radical alternatives world-wide, carrying reports, analysis and debates from all corners of the globe. Correspondents in over 50 countries report on popular struggles, and the debates that are shaping the left of tomorrow.</description>
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		<title>International Viewpoint - online socialist magazine</title>
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		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/</link>
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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Socialism or Barbarism - On the Eve of the 21st Century </title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Socialism-or-Barbarism-On-the-Eve-of-the-21st-Century</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Socialism-or-Barbarism-On-the-Eve-of-the-21st-Century</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-02-01T13:18:40Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>United Secretariat of the Fourth International</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Fourth International</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>13th World Congress - 1991</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Features</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;This document was adopted by a meeting of the United Secretariat of the Fourth lntematlonal (FI) in 1992. It is the product of months of discussion within that world organization and an extensive pro-cess of rewriting and revision from an &lt;a href=&#034;https://internationalviewpoint.org/-13th-World-Congress-1991-&#034;&gt;original draft&lt;/a&gt; proposed before the FI's World Congress in 1991.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-13th-World-Congress-1991-" rel="directory"&gt;13th World Congress - 1991&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Fourth-International-45-+" rel="tag"&gt;Fourth International&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-13th-World-Congress-1991-190-+" rel="tag"&gt;13th World Congress - 1991&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Features-301-+" rel="tag"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>On Ernest Mandel's Contributions</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/On-Ernest-Mandel-s-Contributions</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/On-Ernest-Mandel-s-Contributions</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-01-15T13:52:32Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Paul Le Blanc</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Fourth International</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Ernest Mandel</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Reviews</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;&#8220;Kellner offers the following critical appreciation: &#8220;One hopes that many more people will be inspired by Mandel's verve and let themselves be motivated to live his kind of life, yet without succumbing to ungrounded political confidence or to some of his more questionable ideas.&#8221;&#8221;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Reviews-section-" rel="directory"&gt;Reviews section&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Fourth-International-45-+" rel="tag"&gt;Fourth International&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Ernest-Mandel-247-+" rel="tag"&gt;Ernest Mandel&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Reviews-291-+" rel="tag"&gt;Reviews&lt;/a&gt;

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<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Eleni Varikas (1949-2026)</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Eleni-Varikas-1949-2026</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Eleni-Varikas-1949-2026</guid>
		<dc:date>2026-01-11T17:16:33Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Alan Wald</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>France</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Greece</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Women</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;Eleni Varikas, a revolutionary Marxist-Feminist French-Greek professor of political philosophy, best known for her pioneering use of the concept of gender in French research, died of heart failure in Paris in early January 2026. She was 76 years old and the life partner of Michael L&#246;wy, the French-Brazilian Marxist sociologist and philosopher. Both were contributors to AGAINST THE CURRENT and good friends of its sponsoring organization, Solidarity.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-In-Memoriam-Obituaries-and-appreciations-" rel="directory"&gt;In Memoriam - Obituaries and appreciations&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-France-+" rel="tag"&gt;France&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Greece-+" rel="tag"&gt;Greece&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Women-+" rel="tag"&gt;Women&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/eleni-varikas-1949-2026_a9358.pdf" length="1166310" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Marx, Marxism, the Left, and Revolution in the Intellectual History of Enzo Traverso</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Marx-Marxism-the-Left-and-Revolution-in-the-Intellectual-History-of-Enzo</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Marx-Marxism-the-Left-and-Revolution-in-the-Intellectual-History-of-Enzo</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-10-22T15:46:32Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Jaime Pastor </dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;The original version of this &lt;a href=&#034;https://pensamientoalmargen.com/21/04_PaM21_Pastor.pdf&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;article&lt;/a&gt; was published in the digital magazine &lt;a href=&#034;https://www.pensamientoalmargen.com)&#034; class=&#034;spip_out&#034; rel=&#034;external&#034;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Pensamiento al margen&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/a&gt;, 21, pp. 36-51, 2025, an issue dedicated to the intellectual history of Enzo Traverso.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Revolutionary defeatism, yesterday and today</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Revolutionary-defeatism-yesterday-and-today</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Revolutionary-defeatism-yesterday-and-today</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-05-08T15:33:07Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Simon Hannah</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Campism</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;The debate on the Left over the war in Ukraine has exposed serious disagreements on international questions, ones that have been brewing and deepening for over a decade. From 2001 to 2011, there was general unity on the socialist Left about the question of imperialism and the response to it. This was a period of explicit and obvious attacks on sovereign countries such as Afghanistan and Iraq by the United States, United Kingdom, and other imperialist forces. This naked imperialist aggression triggered global mass movements against the so-called &#8220;War on Terror.&#8221;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Campism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Campism&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/revolutionary-defeatism-yesterday-and-today_a8982.pdf" length="969264" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Dreaming as internationalist materialists</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Dreaming-as-internationalist-materialists</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Dreaming-as-internationalist-materialists</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-05-08T11:37:48Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Alexis Cukier , Franck Gaudichaud, Th&#233;o Roumier, Vincent Gay, Yoletty Bracho</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;&#8220;We will begin with a statement: yes, we dream, and we desire! We dream of emancipation, and we desire equality (individual, collective, between peoples).&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;And we are on the left, a radical and revolutionary left at that. What should be troubling us today is not changing our dreams and desires. Certainly not going poaching on the side of those opposed to us, claiming that &#8220;only the far right dreams&#8221;.&#8221;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/dreaming-as-internationalist-materialists_a8981.pdf" length="967672" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>To save the environment, we must end the profit system</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/To-save-the-environment-we-must-end-the-profit-system</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/To-save-the-environment-we-must-end-the-profit-system</guid>
		<dc:date>2025-03-03T11:50:45Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Ian Angus</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Ecosocialism</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;A Portuguese translation of my book, Facing the Anthropocene: Fossil Capitalism and the Crisis of the Earth System, was published in Brazil in 2023. I was subsequently interviewed by Claudia Antunes for the multilingual magazine SUMA&#218;MA, a radical environmental journal that takes its name from one of the largest trees in the Amazon rainforest. SUMA&#218;MA published the interview in September 2024. This lightly edited version was published in Monthly Review in January 2025.&#8212;Ian Angus&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Ecosocialism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Ecosocialism&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/to-save-the-environment-we-must-end-the-profit-system_a8880.pdf" length="960705" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title> Why do socialists organise internationally?</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Why-do-socialists-organise-internationally</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Why-do-socialists-organise-internationally</guid>
		<dc:date>2024-12-31T17:32:44Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Dave Kellaway</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Britain</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Fourth International</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;What are the arguments for eco socialists to be part of a revolutionary international?&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Britain-+" rel="tag"&gt;Britain&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Fourth-International-45-+" rel="tag"&gt;Fourth International&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/why-do-socialists-organise-internationally_a8799.pdf" length="945128" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>The strategy of transitional demands</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/The-strategy-of-transitional-demands</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/The-strategy-of-transitional-demands</guid>
		<dc:date>2024-12-31T17:00:35Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Ernest Mandel</dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Fourth International</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Ernest Mandel</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;We have particularly highlighted this aspect of the international dimension that every socialist strategy needs because it emerges unequivocally from the experiences and struggles of the European proletariat.&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Ernest-Mandel-Archive-" rel="directory"&gt;Ernest Mandel Archive&lt;/a&gt;

/ 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Fourth-International-45-+" rel="tag"&gt;Fourth International&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Ernest-Mandel-247-+" rel="tag"&gt;Ernest Mandel&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
		<enclosure url="https://internationalviewpoint.org/IMG/pdf/the-strategy-of-transitional-demands_a8801.pdf" length="1046417" type="application/pdf" />
		

	</item>
<item xml:lang="en">
		<title>Imperialism as Antagonistic Cooperation</title>
		<link>https://internationalviewpoint.org/Imperialism-as-Antagonistic-Cooperation</link>
		<guid isPermaLink="true">https://internationalviewpoint.org/Imperialism-as-Antagonistic-Cooperation</guid>
		<dc:date>2024-11-20T20:20:25Z</dc:date>
		<dc:format>text/html</dc:format>
		<dc:language>en</dc:language>
		<dc:creator>Promise Li </dc:creator>


		<dc:subject>United States (USA)</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Brazil</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Marxism</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Economy</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>China</dc:subject>
		<dc:subject>Imperialism</dc:subject>

		<description>&lt;p&gt;In the months before US Secretary of State Antony Blinken's uneasy visit to Beijing last year, the CEOs of J.P. Morgan, Starbucks, Apple, General Motors, and Tesla had amiable meetings with former Chinese Foreign Minister Qin Gang. Reaffirming what Xi Jinping and other Chinese ministers have declared on an annual basis, Qin assured Elon Musk that China &#8220;remain[s] committed to fostering a better market-oriented, law-based and internationalized business environment.&#8221;&lt;span class=&#034;spip_note_ref&#034;&gt; [&lt;a href=&#034;#nb1&#034; class=&#034;spip_note&#034; rel=&#034;appendix&#034; title=&#034;Qin Gang Meets with Chief Executive Officer of Tesla Elon Musk,&#8221; Embassy of (&#8230;)&#034; id=&#034;nh1&#034;&gt;1&lt;/a&gt;]&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/-Features-" rel="directory"&gt;Features&lt;/a&gt;

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&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-United-States-USA-+" rel="tag"&gt;United States (USA)&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Brazil-+" rel="tag"&gt;Brazil&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Marxism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Marxism&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Economy-+" rel="tag"&gt;Economy&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-China-+" rel="tag"&gt;China&lt;/a&gt;, 
&lt;a href="https://internationalviewpoint.org/+-Imperialism-+" rel="tag"&gt;Imperialism&lt;/a&gt;

		</description>



		
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